Spatial modeling of sediment transfer and identification of sediment sources during snowmelt in an agricultural watershed in boreal climate

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Tekijä Gonzales-Inca, C. ; Valkama, P. ; Lill, J-O.; Slotte, J.; Hietaharju, E. ; Uusitalo, R.
Sarja Science of the Total Environment
DOI/ISBN-numero 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.142
Päivämäärä 2018
Avainsanat DTM, GIS, hysteresis, LiDAR, phosphorus, Sediment fingerprinting, Snowmelt, soil erosion
Rahoitus Maj ja Tor Nessling Säätiö, Maa-ja vesitekniikan tuki ry., Svenska kulturfonden
Sivut s. 303-312
Volyymi Vol 612 (2018)
Kieli englanti
Saatavuus Spatial modeling of sediment transfer and identification of sediment sources during snowmelt in an agricultural watershed in boreal climate

Sediment transfer patterns during snowmelt were studied in a small Finnish agricultural watershed. Erosion rates were high as a consequence of high runoff volumes over saturated soil that partly lacked vegetation cover. Automatic high-frequencymonitoring data of sediment and phosphorus concentrations in stream showed a clock-wise hysteresis loop as a dominant pattern. GIS-based modeling of runoff and soil erosion, using LiDAR DTMdata, suggested that runoff and erosion mostly camefromcropland that had the highest sediment contribution index. Also sediment fingerprinting with Cesium-137 suggested cropland and stream bank were the most important sources of suspended sediments in streams. Because a major part of annual sediment transfer takes
place during snowmelt, it is a critical period for annual losses of pollutants. Management practices that minimize springtime sediment and pollutant losses from cropland would be needed to make a marked impact on annual pollution transfer to stream waters.